冷再生技術(shù)作為道路養(yǎng)護(hù)領(lǐng)域的前沿工藝，通過循環(huán)利用舊瀝青路面材料（RAP），實(shí)現(xiàn)了資源節(jié)約與施工效率的雙重提升。冷再生機(jī)作為該技術(shù)的核心設(shè)備，其適用工況直接關(guān)系到工程效果與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益。本文將從技術(shù)特性出發(fā)，結(jié)合典型應(yīng)用場景，系統(tǒng)闡述冷再生機(jī)的適用范圍與實(shí)施要點(diǎn)。

　　As a cutting-edge technology in the field of road maintenance, cold recycling technology achieves a dual improvement in resource conservation and construction efficiency by recycling old asphalt pavement materials (RAP). As the core equipment of this technology, the applicable working conditions of the cold regeneration machine are directly related to the engineering effect and economic benefits. This article will start from the technical characteristics and combine typical application scenarios to systematically explain the scope of application and implementation points of cold recycling machines.

　　一、路面病害修復(fù)領(lǐng)域的主力軍

　　1、 The main force in the field of road surface disease repair

　　冷再生機(jī)最適宜處理網(wǎng)裂、車轍、沉陷等中輕度病害路面。當(dāng)舊路瀝青層厚度在8-15cm之間，且基層未出現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)性破壞時(shí)，冷再生工藝可實(shí)現(xiàn)原位修復(fù)。設(shè)備通過銑刨刀頭將舊料破碎至37.5mm以下粒徑，同步添加再生劑恢復(fù)瀝青性能，特別適用于服務(wù)區(qū)匝道、公交專用道等高頻使用區(qū)域的預(yù)防性養(yǎng)護(hù)。

　　The cold recycling machine is most suitable for treating medium to mild road surface diseases such as mesh cracking, rutting, and subsidence. When the thickness of the asphalt layer on the old road is between 8-15cm and there is no structural damage to the base layer, the cold recycling process can achieve in-situ repair. The equipment crushes the old material to a particle size of 37.5mm or less through milling cutters, and synchronously adds rejuvenators to restore asphalt performance. It is particularly suitable for preventive maintenance in high-frequency use areas such as service area ramps and bus lanes.

　　二、舊路升級改造的理想選擇

　　2、 The ideal choice for upgrading and renovating old roads

　　在三級公路改二級公路、縣道提質(zhì)等工程中，冷再生機(jī)可充分利用舊路資源。當(dāng)舊路彎沉值處于60-120（0.01mm）區(qū)間時(shí)，通過補(bǔ)充4.75-9.5mm新集料調(diào)整級配，再生層可承擔(dān)基層功能。某國道改造項(xiàng)目顯示，采用冷再生工藝后，舊料利用率達(dá)85%，施工周期縮短40%，綜合成本降低35%。

　　In projects such as third-class highway to second-class highway and county road quality improvement, the cold recycling machine can make full use of the old road resources. When the deflection value of the old road is in the range of 60-120 (0.01mm), adjusting the gradation by adding 4.75-9.5mm new aggregate can enable the recycled layer to serve as the base layer. A certain national highway renovation project shows that after adopting cold recycling technology, the utilization rate of old materials reaches 85%, the construction period is shortened by 40%, and the comprehensive cost is reduced by 35%.

　　三、城市道路養(yǎng)護(hù)的綠色方案

　　3、 Green solutions for urban road maintenance

　　針對城市主干道、停車場等對環(huán)保要求嚴(yán)苛的場景，冷再生機(jī)展現(xiàn)出獨(dú)特優(yōu)勢。設(shè)備采用封閉式輸料系統(tǒng)，施工過程中粉塵排放量低于2mg/m3，噪音控制在75dB以內(nèi)。在濟(jì)南某快速路養(yǎng)護(hù)中，夜間施工未引發(fā)居民投訴，再生層通車后PM2.5濃度較傳統(tǒng)工藝降低60%。

　　Cold recycling machines exhibit unique advantages in scenarios where environmental requirements are stringent, such as on urban main roads and parking lots. The equipment adopts a closed material conveying system, and the dust emission during the construction process is less than 2mg/m3 The noise should be controlled within 75dB. In the maintenance of a certain expressway in Jinan, nighttime construction did not cause any complaints from residents, and after the opening of the regeneration layer, the PM2.5 concentration was reduced by 60% compared to traditional techniques.

　　四、特殊環(huán)境施工的適應(yīng)性突破

　　4、 Breakthrough in adaptability for construction in special environments

　　低溫環(huán)境作業(yè)：

　　Low temperature environment operation:

　　當(dāng)環(huán)境溫度高于5℃時(shí)，冷再生機(jī)可通過添加溫拌劑降低混合料粘度，確保-10℃條件下仍可施工。某高原公路項(xiàng)目在11月平均氣溫-3℃環(huán)境下，采用該技術(shù)完成12公里路面再生，壓實(shí)度檢測達(dá)標(biāo)率100%。

　　When the ambient temperature is above 5 ℃, the cold regeneration machine can reduce the viscosity of the mixture by adding a warm mixing agent, ensuring that construction can still be carried out under -10 ℃ conditions. A high-altitude highway project used this technology to complete 12 kilometers of road surface regeneration in an environment with an average temperature of -3 ℃ in November, and the compaction degree detection compliance rate was 100%.

　　潮濕區(qū)域施工：

　　Construction in damp areas:

　　針對年降雨量超800mm地區(qū)，設(shè)備配備智能含水量控制系統(tǒng)，通過紅外傳感器實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測舊料濕度，自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)補(bǔ)水量。某沿海城市試驗(yàn)段顯示，再生料浸水馬歇爾殘留穩(wěn)定度達(dá)87%，遠(yuǎn)超JTGF41標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求。

　　For areas with annual rainfall exceeding 800mm, the equipment is equipped with an intelligent moisture content control system, which monitors the humidity of old materials in real time through infrared sensors and automatically adjusts the water replenishment amount. A test section in a coastal city showed that the Marshall residual stability of recycled materials soaked in water reached 87%, far exceeding the requirements of JTGF41 standard.

　　橋頭跳車專項(xiàng)治理：

　　Special treatment for bridge jumping:

　　在橋頭過渡段處理中，冷再生機(jī)可精準(zhǔn)控制銑刨深度，通過添加鋼纖維增強(qiáng)混合料韌性。某高速公路橋頭整治項(xiàng)目表明，再生層模量從600MPa提升至1200MPa，工后沉降量控制在3mm以內(nèi)。

　　In the treatment of the transition section at the bridgehead, the cold recycling machine can accurately control the milling depth and enhance the toughness of the mixture by adding steel fibers. A certain highway bridgehead renovation project shows that the modulus of the regeneration layer has been increased from 600MPa to 1200MPa, and the post construction settlement is controlled within 3mm.

　　五、工況選擇的技術(shù)準(zhǔn)則

　　5、 Technical criteria for selecting operating conditions

　　舊料適用性判定：

　　Applicability assessment of old materials:

　　需滿足RAP瀝青含量≥2.5%、含水量≤5%、無嚴(yán)重油污等前提條件。對于老化嚴(yán)重的舊料，應(yīng)通過抽提試驗(yàn)確定再生劑摻量，通常每增加1%老化度，再生劑用量需提升0.3%。

　　Must meet the prerequisites of RAP asphalt content ≥ 2.5%, moisture content ≤ 5%, and no severe oil pollution. For old materials with severe aging, the dosage of regenerant should be determined through extraction tests. Typically, for every 1% increase in aging degree, the dosage of regenerant needs to be increased by 0.3%.

　　交通荷載適配：

　　Traffic load adaptation:

　　設(shè)計(jì)軸載超過1000萬次時(shí)，再生層需采用雙層結(jié)構(gòu)：下層為水泥穩(wěn)定冷再生（7天無側(cè)限抗壓強(qiáng)度≥2.5MPa），上層為乳化瀝青冷再生（動(dòng)穩(wěn)定度≥3000次/mm）。

　　When the designed axle load exceeds 10 million cycles, the regeneration layer needs to adopt a double-layer structure: the lower layer is cement stabilized cold regeneration (7-day unconfined compressive strength ≥ 2.5MPa), and the upper layer is emulsified asphalt cold regeneration (dynamic stability ≥ 3000 cycles/mm).

　　經(jīng)濟(jì)性評估模型：

　　Economic evaluation model:

　　當(dāng)運(yùn)輸半徑超過50公里，或舊料棄置費(fèi)用高于80元/噸時(shí)，冷再生工藝顯現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢。某省道大修項(xiàng)目測算顯示，采用該技術(shù)后每公里節(jié)約成本12萬元，投資回收期縮短至1.8年。

　　When the transportation radius exceeds 50 kilometers or the cost of disposing of old materials exceeds 80 yuan/ton, the cold recycling process shows economic advantages. The calculation of a major repair project on a certain provincial road shows that adopting this technology can save costs of 120000 yuan per kilometer and shorten the investment payback period to 1.8 years.

　　冷再生機(jī)的適用工況已從傳統(tǒng)養(yǎng)護(hù)向新建工程、特殊環(huán)境治理等領(lǐng)域拓展，其技術(shù)邊界不斷被突破。隨著再生劑研發(fā)與智能控制技術(shù)的融合，冷再生工藝將在全壽命周期道路建設(shè)中發(fā)揮更關(guān)鍵作用，成為推動(dòng)交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施綠色轉(zhuǎn)型的重要力量。

　　The applicable working conditions of cold recycling machines have expanded from traditional maintenance to new construction projects, special environmental treatment and other fields, and their technical boundaries are constantly being broken through. With the integration of regenerant research and intelligent control technology, cold regeneration process will play a more critical role in road construction throughout the entire life cycle, becoming an important force in promoting the green transformation of transportation infrastructure.

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